Results
There was a significant elevation in tear MMP-9 levels in patients with LES compared to controls (p < .05). Of the 37 total patients enrolled in this study, 2 patients (5.4%)
did not have sleep study results. Thirty-two of the remaining 35 patients (91.4%) were determined to have OSA (AHI > 5). In this sample, there was no meaningful association between OSA and MMP-9 (p = .12). Although there were positive associations between OSA severity, laxometer measurements, and previously established grading methods, none achieved statistical significance (all p > .05).
Conclusions
There was an elevation of MMP-9 in tears of patients with LES. Elevated tear MMP-9 was also not associated with OSA. Although there is some evidence to support the association of eyelid laxity and OSA, the most accurate and reliable method for grading eyelid laxity remains unclear.