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SIGNIFICANCE
This article shows a successful concept for simulating central scotoma, which is associated with age-related macular degeneration (AMD), in healthy subjects by an induced dark spot at the retina using occlusive contact lenses. The new concept includes a control mechanism to adjust the scotoma size through controlling pupil size without medication. Therefore, a miniaturized full-field adaptation device was used.
PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to design a novel concept to simulate AMD scotoma in healthy subjects using occlusive contact lenses.
METHODS
To define an optimal set of lens parameters, we constructed an optical model and considered both the anatomical pupil diameter and the opaque central zone diameter of the contact lens. To adjust the scotoma size, we built a miniaturized full-field adaptation device. We demonstrate the validity of this novel concept by functional measurements of visual fields using automated threshold perimetry. Finally, we conducted a perception study including two tasks, consisting of pictograms and letters. The stimuli were presented at different eccentricities and magnifications.
RESULTS
The visual fields of all 10 volunteers exhibited absolute scotomas. The loss of contrast sensitivity ranged within 27 and 36 dB (P < .05), and the scotoma localizations were nearly centered to the macula (mean variation, 2.0 ± 4.8° horizontally; 3.5 ± 4.7° vertically). The eccentric perception of letters showed the largest numbers of correctly identified stimuli. The perception of pictograms showed significantly reduced numbers (P < .0001) and revealed a dependency on magnification. The results suggest that best perception is possible for magnified stimuli near the scotoma.
Conclusions
We demonstrated that the creation of an absolute simulated AMD scotoma is possible using occlusive contact lenses combined with a miniaturized full-field adaptation device.
Vision therapy is well worth the response, time and effort. Our Son had a hard time focusing and writing neatly. After vision therapy Seth could complete a task in half the time if previously took. His abilities to focus improved greatly and so did his handwriting.
Also, he was better at listening. As a parent, we wanted learning to be fun for our Son, and vision therapy made this possible.
Vision Therapy is well worth the expense, time and effort. Our son had a hard time focusing handwriting neatly. After vision therapy Seth could complete a task in half the time it previously took his abilities to focus and improved greatly and so did his handwriting.
Also, he was better at listening. As a parent you wanted learning to be fun for our son and vision therapy made this possible.
Vision Therapy has given or son the tools he needs to be able to scan and read the written word more effectively and efficiently.
He love working with John and these working sessions give him the motivation to gladly work on his homework assignments.
It amazed us to see the difference in the tracking of his eyes and along a line of it's from the beginning to the end of the treatment.
Dr. McBryar , Kristen and John are all marvelous and we would recommend them to anyone I only wish that we would have found them sooner!
Prior to coming to the institute for vision development my son complained of daily headaches. Therapy has eliminated his headaches completely. I love knowing my son is able to learn pain-free for the rest of his life because of the work that has been done over just a few weeks in this office. He he absolutely loved coming that didn't even feel like going to a doctor or therapy. We are grateful for the relief he was able to find by coming here.
Thank you!
Seems much less frustrated with life
Reads non-stop and fast
Spelling abilities have been hugely improved
Seems much more confident
Thank You!!!
When we first came to the practice, my son did not have huge issues, but lots of small ones- trouble with reading, sports (hitting the baseball consistently), coordination, etc- that were not easily detectable,but when put together presented issues. The staff here were all very professional and loving towards him. While I was concerned in the reading, my son was concerned with the athletic side. Seeing improvement night off the bat gave him confidence that i have nor seen in him and made him want to not only Come to therapy, but also made him want to work hard. He has surpassed his grade level and above in reading and hit his first home run this year! Thank you!!!
Is foggy vision troubling you? Let our experienced optometrist restore your sight – book an appointment today and see the […]
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